동양의 자아철학 > 시리즈/기획도서

대한철학회 학술총서 동양철학 분야의 제2권인 이 책의 주제는 동양의 자아철학에 대한 것이다. 우리들이 던질 수 있는 가장 근원적인 물음 가운데 하나는 바로 “나는 누구인가?”라는 물음일 것이다. 이 책은 이와 같은 물음에 대한 답을 찾고자 노력했던 동양 지성인들의 생각을 살펴보기 위한 목적에서 기획되었다. “나는 누구인가?”라는 물음은 인간 존재에 대한 탐구로 이어지고, 인간 존재에 대한 탐구는 다시 사유 주체인 마음에 대한 탐구, 자아의 본질인 본성에 대한 탐구, 대상과의 만남 속에서 발생하는 감정에 대한 탐구, 그리고 몸과 마음의 관계에 관한 탐구로 확장된다. 이 같은 자아의 정체성에 대한 고민은 또다시 자아의 수양과 관련된 연구로 확장된다.

자아와 관련된 철학적 논의는 동양철학의 매우 오래된 주제이자 핵심적인 주제이다. 자아의 본질 내지 정체성에 관한 논의가 인간 내면 세계에 대한 논의, 삶의 목적과 가치에 대한 논의와 연결되어 있다는 것은 자아 철학이 사회 및 세계에 대한 문제, 역사 및 문화에 대한 문제, 인식 내지 존재에 대한 문제와 매우 밀접하게 연관되어 있다는 것을 보여준다. 따라서 자아에 대한 탐구는 인간과 사회, 세계에 대한 문제를 해결하는 데 핵심이 된다고 할 수 있다.

우리 사회는 1970년대 이후 진행된 압축적인 성장을 통해 산업화와 민주화를 동시에 달성한다. 이로 인해 우리들은 이전보다 훨씬 더 풍요롭고 자유로워졌으며, 점점 더 개인화되어 갔다. 하지만 개인을 독립적이며 자율적인 단위로 설정한 자유주의에 따른 삶은 개인이 타자와 숙명적으로 관계되어 있다는 사실을 망각하게 만든다. 공감 능력에 기반한 타자에 대한 친밀성을 결여한 사회는 점점 차가워지고 파편화되어 간다. 지나친 경쟁은 불평등과 분열을 낳고, 분열은 개인의 고립을 낳는다. 홀로 살아갈 수 없는 존재인 인간은, 차갑고 파편화된 사회에서는 온전한 삶을 누리기 어렵다. 이와 같은 문제를 해결해줄 수 있는 혜안을 동양의 자아철학에 대한 탐구 속에서 얻고자 한다.

목차

총서 간행사 ······················································································································3

편집자 서문 ······················································································································5

제1부❘동양 자아철학의 일반적 특징

제 1 장 유가의 소통자아 회복 ··············································································23

1. 유가치료학은 필요한가? ············································································23

2. 유가의 마음: 소통[仁]하는 주체 ·······························································27

3. 유가에서 마음의 병: 소통자아의 상실 ·····················································33

4. 유가의 마음치료: 회과자신(悔過自新) ·······················································39

5. 유가의 수양론과 정신치료 ·········································································46

제 2 장 불가의 마음 이해 ·····················································································49

1. 마음의 온전한 이해를 위하여 ···································································49

2. 연기의 법칙과 마음의 이해 ·······································································51

3. 화엄의 마음 이해: 연기적 이해와 성기적 이해 ·······································62

4. 온전한 마음과 마음의 병 ··········································································71

제 3 장 도가의 심신 대립을 넘어선 정신 해방 ··················································75

1. ‘몸’의 발견과 도가 사상 ···········································································75

2. 형(形)·기(氣)·신(神) 3요소설에 나타난 도가의 심신관계 ························77

3. 정신과 함께 하는 몸 ·················································································85

4. 몸의 해방과 정신의 소요 ··········································································92

5. 맺음말 ·········································································································95

제2부❘중국의 자아 담론

제 4 장 맹자의 인성론 ···························································································99

1. 서론 ············································································································99

2. 배경 ··········································································································101

3. 주체와 인륜성: 자기-반성을 통한 인륜성의 정립과 실현 ····················108

4. 생(生)과 성(性): 고자 대 맹자 ································································121

5. 성선(性善)의 의미 ····················································································129

6. 논변의 요약 ·····························································································137

제 5 장 순자의 인간 본성론에 관한 소고 ·························································139

1. 서론 ··········································································································139

2. 맹자와 순자 사이 ····················································································140

3. 순자의 인간 본성론 ·················································································141

4. 덕의 역설과 순자의 낙관론 ····································································150

5. 결론 ··········································································································154

제 6 장 장재 철학의 성심론 ···············································································157

1. 심성론에 대한 일반적 이해 ····································································157

2. 장재 철학에서 성론의 이론 구조 ···························································162

3. 장재 성론의 특징 ····················································································179

제 7 장 주희 철학에서 미발 함양의 문제 ·························································181

1. 미발 함양의 문제들 ·················································································181

2. 미발 때의 함양공부는 왜 필요했나? ······················································182

3. 미발 때에 어떻게 함양하는가? ·······························································189

4. 미발 함양은 심리적 평정을 추구하는 것인가? ······································196

5. 논의 정리와 남은 과제 ···········································································202

제3부❘한국의 자아 담론

제 8 장 이황 심학과 정신주의 철학 ··································································207

1. 머리말 ······································································································207

2. 주자학과 양명학, 그리고 퇴계 심학의 위상 ··········································208

3. 『심경부주』와 퇴계 심학 ·········································································211

4. 퇴계 심학의 경지와 그 특성 ··································································214

5. 퇴계 심학과 정신주의의 철학 ·································································219

6. 퇴계 심학의 현대적 의미와 과제 ···························································225

제 9 장 이이 심성론의 윤리적 문제 ··································································229

1. 서론 ··········································································································229

2. 성(性)과 정(情)의 선악 문제 ···································································230

3. 성정의 관계 및 의(意)의 발단 문제 ·······················································236

4. 심의 도덕성에 미치는 기의 영향 문제 ··················································240

5. 인심도심의 동일화 문제 ··········································································245

6. 결론 ··········································································································250

제10장 『논어』의 몸과 마음에 대한 정약용의 이해 ········································251

1. 서론 ··········································································································251

2. 마음과 그 연관어의 분석 ········································································253

3. 몸과 그 연관어의 분석 ···········································································265

4. 결론 ··········································································································270

제11장 이제마의 수신론 ·····················································································275

1. 서론 ··········································································································275

2. 유가의 수양론 ··························································································277

3. 사상의학의 이론적 근거와 도덕 ·····························································281

4. 도덕 실현방법으로서의 수신 ···································································287

5. 결론 ··········································································································294

제4부❘인도의 자아 담론

제12장 아드와이따 베단따와 인간의 목표 ·······················································299

1. 인간에 대한 기본적인 이해 ····································································299

2. 인간의 최고 목표로서 해탈 ····································································303

3. 존재, 의식, 환희로서의 자아 ··································································306

4. 편향된 인간 이해와 목표 설정 ·······························································311

5. 자기 조정과 자아의 단순화 ····································································315

제13장 업 개념의 형성과 발달 과정에 대한 고찰 ··········································321

1. 시작하는 말 ·····························································································321

2. 업 개념의 함의 ························································································323

3. 제식주의에 나타나는 업 관념 ·································································327

4. 『우빠니샤드』에 나타나는 업 ··································································331

5. 무신론적 업 해석의 양상 ········································································335

6. 마치는 말 ·································································································345

제14장 유식불교에서 심(心)과 신(身)의 이해 ···················································349

1. 들어가는 말 ·····························································································349

2. 의식의 소의(所依)인 의근(意根)은 무엇인가? ········································350

3. 제8아뢰야식: 세계를 만드는 식 ·····························································359

4. 마치는 말 ·································································································363

출전 ······························································································································365

저자소개

김상현 (경북대)

경북대학교 철학과를 졸업하고 같은 학교 대학원에서 동양철학(유가철학)을 전공하여 철학박사 학위를 받았다. 울산대학교 철학과 객원교수를 지냈으며, 현재 경북대학교 철학과 강사로 재직 중이다. 학문적 관심 분야는 유가철학, 성리학, 조선 사회정치사상 방면이다. 『사회정치철학』(한울아카데미, 2004), 『논리 그리고 비판적 사고』(도서출판 글고운, 2019) 등의 (공)저ㆍ역서가 있고, 「퇴계의 향약 분석을 통한 조선시대 자치조직 연구」(『대동철학』 제93집, 2020) 등 여러 편의 논문이 있다.

공동 저자

권상우 (계명대)

장진영 (원광대)

김재숙 (고려대)

임헌규 (강남대)

강지연 (창원대)

장윤수 (대구교대)

홍성민 (한국외대)

장승구 (세명대)

이영경 (경북대)

최대우 (전남대)

박효엽 (부산대)

임승택 (경북대)

한자경 (이화여대)

배송

교환